The Habsburg Monarchy from 1849 to 1868

author: cartesdhistoire/instagram, added on: 2025-03-02

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Having defeated the 1848 revolution in Hungary, Vienna made substantial changes to the Hungarian territory: Transylvania was separated, Croatia was enlarged and the Voivodate of Serbia and the Banat of Tamiš was created (November 1849).

This situation continued until the Austrian defeats in Italy in 1859 and against Prussia in 1866. After the abolition of the Voivodate of Serbia and the Banat in 1860, Emperor Franz Joseph restored Hungarian autonomy by the Compromise of 1867 (“Österreichisch-Ungarischer Ausgleich”). Hungary obtained what it had demanded in 1848: a government responsible to Parliament and the management of its internal affairs, to the great displeasure of the non-Magyar populations who were now subjected to the centralizing model of Budapest.

The Compromise consisted of the Constitutional Statute concerning Austria and its dependencies and the Constitutional Pact between Franz Joseph and the Hungarian Nation. Indeed, the Hungarians had always seen their integration into the Habsburg monarchy as a voluntary act and not as a subjection.

The “Ausgleich” was completed in November 1868 by a Hungarian-Croatian compromise (“Nagoda”) negotiated between Budapest and the Diet of Zagreb. Croatia-Slavonia now formed an autonomous kingdom within Hungary with its own administration and its Diet (“Sabor”).

Hungary recovered Transylvania in 1867 and the Military Borders were placed under civil administration between 1851 and 1881.

Hungary (Transleithania) has 20,886,000 inhabitants in a territory that is overall that of the Crown of Saint Stephen. This is also its official name: "Country of the Crown of Saint Stephen". Austria (Cisleithania) is the remainder of the Habsburg territory, officially named "Kingdoms and countries represented at the Imperial Diet", a more disparate group of 28,275,000 inhabitants - including the Countries of the Crown of Saint Wenceslas: Bohemia, Moravia, Silesia.

Source: “Atlas of European history”, Times Books, 1994

Collection: european-history - Tags: habsburg-monarchy, 19th-century - Source: instagram.com